Researchers generate a remodeled live-attenuated measles vaccine capable of driving nAb responses against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein biorxivpreprint IcahnMountSinai vaccine vaccination measles COVID19 covid
By Tarun Sai LomteDec 20 2022Reviewed by Danielle Ellis, B.Sc. In a recent study posted to bioRxiv*, researchers developed a measles virus -vectored vaccine capable of inducing high neutralizing antibody responses against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 .
The study and findings In the present study, researchers developed MeV vector-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates that can elicit high nAb responses. First, the antigenic properties of the full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike and its S1, S2, and receptor-binding domains were evaluated in type I interferon-deficient human CD46 transgenic mice.
As such, the authors incorporated a self-trimerizing bacteriophage T4 fibritin motif , a mutated furin cleavage site, and six stabilizing proline substitutions in the full-length spike ectodomain . In addition, Helicobacter pylori neutrophil-activating protein was fused to the C-terminus of SARS-CoV-2S6p3 .
The team developed seven rMeV-MR constructs encoding modified or unmodified spike versions. Sera from mice immunized with rMeV constructs had antibodies against MeV antigens detectable after three weeks post-first immunization, which increased upon homologous booster administration. In contrast, complete to partial loss of neutralization was evident against pseudoviruses displaying SARS-CoV-2 Delta, Gamma, Iota, Lambda, Mu, and Omicron spikes. In subsequent experiments, the researchers observed that using a heterologous Omicron BA.1-matched MR-CoV-S6p312 vaccine for the second dose after the first immunization with wildtype CoV-S6p312 restored nAb titers against homotypic and historical SARS-CoV-2 variants.
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