An assessment of T cell and antibody immunity against SARS-CoV-2 VOCs and the effect of booster shots Antibody TCell Immunity SARSCoV2 Coronavirus Disease COVID MDPIOpenAccess UMCUtrecht
By Suchandrima BhowmikDec 18 2022Reviewed by Aimee Molineux After two years of Coronavirus disease 2019 being declared a pandemic, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 continues to cause a significant number of infections despite many individuals being immunized or naturally infected with the virus. The presence of neutralizing antibodies is generally correlated with being immune protected from SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Along with the waning of immunity, the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern , including Omicron and Delta , can cause such re-infections. These VOCs comprise mutations in the spike protein, preventing neutralizing antibodies from binding them. Similar observations were found for Omicron subvariants BA.4 and BA.5, where neutralizing antibodies formed after Omicron BA.1 or BA.2 infections cannot bind the newer subvariants.
Blood samples were collected from HCWs, followed by the isolation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells . Then, assessment of T cell responses against the SARS-CoV-2 spike subunit 1 and nucleocapsid protein took place by ELIspot assay followed by a SARS-CoV-2 variant IFN-γ ELISpot assay. After that, ELIspot image processing was carried out along with the quantification of spots.
Drug Discovery eBook Compilation of the top interviews, articles, and news in the last year. Download a free copy A decrease in S1-specific T cells, anti-RBD IgG concentrations, and neutralizing activity were observed four months post-booster vaccination. However, the anti-RBD IgG concentrations and S1-specific T-cell numbers were observed to be similar after three subsequent months.
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