Perspective: As zero-calorie natural sweeteners such as stevia surge in popularity, here’s what you need to know
By Christy Brissette April 29 “Natural” reigns when it comes to food and beverage trends, and the low- and no-calorie sweetener category is no exception. Sales of stevia sweetener — led by Truvia Natural Sweetener — have eclipsed sales of artificial sweeteners including aspartame, sucralose and saccharin. Last August, research firm Nielsen reported that stevia sales had grown 11.9 percent year over year, while artificial sweetener sales were down an average of 6.6 percent.
Natural sweeteners have the health halo of being plant-based and appear to check all the right boxes. But are they as innocent as they seem? One drawback is that some of the compounds in stevia, particularly steviosides, tend to have a bitter aftertaste. This is another reason other sweeteners are sometimes added.Truvia is the top-selling stevia brand in the United States. Its Natural Sweetener product has zero calories and is sugar-free. It’s sweetened with reb A and is mostly erythritol, a sugar alcohol needed to provide bulk and a sugar-like appearance and texture. Natural flavors are also on the ingredients list.
Stevia has been determined to be safe for use by the general population, including children. The Acceptable Daily Intake has been set at four milligrams per kilogram of body weight. So, according to the Food and Drug Administration, if you weigh 150 pounds, you can have up to 273 milligrams of stevia — the equivalent of about 10 packets of stevia sweetener a day.
Monk fruit sweetener contains little, if any, carbohydrates and zero sugar, so it doesn’t raise blood sugar levels. Monk fruit is generally recognized as safe by the FDA, but no ADI limit has been set. Overall, the research on monk fruit is too young to be able to say much about how it affects human health.
This sugar alcohol has a minimal impact on blood sugar levels and doesn’t seem to affect gut bacteria. Erythritol is considered to be safe based on animal studies of toxicity, cancer risk and reproductive health.
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