Long-term protection and high efficacy of bivalent BA.1 booster confirmed in older adults Coronavirus Disease COVID bivalent Efficacy Vaccine medrxivpreprint UKHSA LSHTM imperialcollege
By Tarun Sai LomteApr 5 2023Reviewed by Lily Ramsey, LLM A recent study published in the medRxiv* preprint server estimated the duration of protection with monovalent vaccination and the efficacy of bivalent vaccine boosters against hospitalization due to coronavirus disease 2019 .
However, the emergence of mutant variants with immune-evasive properties has attenuated vaccine effectiveness and durability of protection. Several countries have implemented frequent booster programs to protect vulnerable populations. The date of the most recent positive test in the study period was identified. Non-Omicron cases were excluded. COVID-19 testing data were linked to the National Immunization Management System .
Multivariate logistic regression used test results and vaccination as the outcome and primary variable of interest, respectively. The incremental vaccine effectiveness of the fourth dose was estimated relative to the last third received at least six months before the sample date in people aged 75 or older.
In people aged 65 or above, the aVE of two doses was 71.7% after three to five months post-second vaccination and 40.2% after 15 months; the aVE after the third dose was 65.3% after three to five months and 52.3% after 12-14 months. Additionally, The iVE of the bivalent booster peaked at 53% after two to three weeks and declined to 35.9% after ten weeks. No significant differences were observed when stratified by the manufacturer of bivalent booster vaccines.
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