Georgia is one of only two states that requires a runoff in all general elections if no candidate achieves at least 50% of the vote. Experts say Georgia’s history shows how an electoral system can be manipulated to exclude the minority vote
Nearly 60 years since the runoff system was implemented, critics argue that prolonging the election to a second day still enables barriers against minorities and other vulnerable voters—even when the two candidates are Black.
Before this practice was put into place, the state used the county unit system, which allocated a set number of votes per county, similar to the U.S. electoral college. The Supreme Court struck the county unit system down, creating the opportunity to use a different system.twenty years after the runoff practice was put in place Groover admitted, “If you want to establish if I was racially prejudiced, I was.
“In Georgia, for decades, the runoff strongly favored Republican candidates, in the sense that Republicans were able to consolidate their support after a runoff election, even if they were lagging somewhat in the general,” Fraga says, explaining how Republicans, whose voting bloc was predominantly white, tended to benefit most from runoffs.Runoff elections’ segregationist legacy arguably persists today with the challenges it still poses for many voters.
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