Scientists hope the research will one day have implications for boys treated for cancer who often become infertile from the therapies.
For the first time, scientists used cryogenically frozen testicular tissue from monkeys to produce functional sperm, which was then used to produce a healthy macaque infant. This experimental method could one day provide a way to preserve fertility in boys treated for cancer—which often results in infertility that lasts into adulthood.
For adults, sperm and eggs can be cryopreserved for use at a later date. But for prepubescent children, this is not an option. Instead, ovarian and testicular tissue can be preserved. In girls, tissue can and has been transplanted back into the patient to restore fertility—but there is currently no way to derive sperm from banked tissue.
To do this, they took testicular tissue from castrated mature rhesus macaques. This tissue was then cryopreserved before it was regrafted under the back or scrotal skin. These grafts then grew and went on to produce testosterone and sperm. The sperm was taken from the monkeys and used for insemination via intracytoplasmic sperm injection —in which a single sperm cell was injected directly into the cytoplasm of an egg.
Grady was born in April 2018 and since then has been developing normally. Oregon National Primate Research Center of the Oregon Health and Science University Elmore, who was not involved in the research, also urged caution over the results. She said there were many limitations to the study, and concerns that needed to be addressed—for example, if the cancer patient had leukemia, lymphoma or testicular cancer, the grafting of the cryopreserved testes could reintroduce cancer cells. It was also not clear whether the grafts would produce sperm without the host being castrated, she said.
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