A form of polio derived from the vaccine is probably circulating in the United Kingdom, highlighting the ongoing need for polio vaccination worldwide.
Polio samples were found in sewage in east London, less than 15 kilometres from the Tower of London , lit in purple to mark World Polio Day last October.UK health officials are urging people to make sure they are vaccinated against polio, after several sewage samples in London tested positive for the poliovirus towards the end of June.
No people with symptoms of polio — including paralysis — have been reported so far, but health authorities are asking doctors to look out for, and report, any symptoms of the disease. However, the viruses detected since February are different. They were related to one another and contained mutations suggesting that the virus was spreading from person to person — probably through poor hand hygiene.
The COVID-19 pandemic has hindered routine vaccinations, which include polio immunization, says Kathleen O’Reilly, an epidemiologist at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. The primary course of immunization against polio is combined with vaccinations against other diseases, such as tetanus and whooping cough, so children who missed their polio vaccination are probably vulnerable to other infectious diseases, O’Reilly says.
Since 2021, however, the number of vaccine-derived polio cases has been declining. In the past year, 18 countries have reported at least one case of vaccine-derived polio. Regions including south central Somalia and northern Nigeria are outbreak hotspots, says Oliver Rosenbauer, communications officer at the GPEI. “That’s also where you have the highest proportion of children who have never been immunized,” he says.
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