Now 90, Tova Gutstein is among the few remaining witnesses of the ghetto uprising — and a vanishing generation of Holocaust survivors — as Israel marks the 80th anniversary of a revolt that has shaped its national consciousness.
Tova Gutstein was born in Warsaw the year Adolf Hitler took power in Germany. She was 10 years old when the Jews of the Warsaw Ghetto launched the first act of collective defiance against the Nazis in Europe.
Israel’s Holocaust Memorial Day, marked with solemn ceremonies in schools and workplaces nationwide, begins at sundown on Monday. Theaters, concerts, cafes and restaurants close and television and radio broadcasts break into Holocaust commemorations. Gutstein grew up in the ghetto. Her father was forced into a labor camp by the Nazis and never seen again. Fenced in by electrified barbed wire, she and other Jewish children would crawl through the sewers to scavenge for food. Some children fell into the sewage and were swept away to their deaths, she recalled.Around two-thirds of the Warsaw Ghetto, some 265,000 people, were deported to the Majdanek and Treblinka death camps in the summer of 1942.
The aim was “to go down fighting and influence when and how they die — and hopefully somebody will survive," Silberklang said. The ghetto uprising remains a potent national symbol for Israel. In addition to remembering the victims of the Holocaust, memorial day also is meant to remember acts of courage and heroism.
Many survivors continue to struggle. Between a quarter and a third live in poverty, survivor advocacy groups report.
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Warsaw Ghetto uprising survivor honored on 80th anniversaryTova Gutstein was 10 years old when the Jews of the Warsaw Ghetto launched an uprising against the Nazis. Now 90, she is among the few remaining witnesses of the extraordinary rebellion and act of Jewish defiance. She also is among a vanishing generation of Holocaust survivors as Israel marks the 80th anniversary of a revolt that has shaped its national consciousness. Gutstein will be one of six survivors honored as a torch-lighter at the state’s ceremony at Israel’s Yad Vashem Holocaust memorial on Monday night. Israel’s Holocaust Memorial Day is marked with solemn ceremonies in schools and workplaces nationwide. Theaters, concerts, cafes and restaurants close and television and radio broadcasts break into Holocaust commemorations.
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