A deep dive into the toilets of the past has given us new insight into the relationship between humans and the worms that love us.
By extracting DNA from a range of sources, including"archaeologically-defined latrines" used by the Vikings up to 2,500 years ago, researchers have reconstructed the genome of one of the oldest known human parasites.
"In people who are malnourished or have impaired immune systems, whipworm can lead to serious illness,""Our mapping of the whipworm and its genetic development makes it easier to design more effective anti-worm drugs that can be used to prevent the spread of this parasite in the world's poorest regions."
"The eggs lie in the ground and develop for roughly three months. Once matured, eggs can survive in the wild for even longer, as they wait to be consumed by a new host in whose digestive tract they will then hatch,"It is this durability in the soil that allowed the team to sequence ancient DNA found in ancient fossilized human poop. The eggs have a shell of hard chitin, preserving the DNA contained therein, adapted to survive for a long time in the soil environment.
The team also examined contemporary samples from humans around the world, as well as monkeys, to compare against the ancient genomes.
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