Vaccination drives superior functional antibody breadth compared to natural infection with SARS-CoV-2 medrxivpreprint dartmouth HopkinsMedicine ULBruxelles vaccination infection antibody antibodies SARSCoV2 COVID19 coronavirus covid
By Pooja Toshniwal PahariaSep 21 2022Reviewed by Danielle Ellis, B.Sc. In a recent study posted to the medRxiv* preprint server, researchers assessed the potency and breadth of antibody recognition and effector function among healthy and high-risk individuals following natural SARS-CoV-2 infection or messenger ribonucleic acid coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination.
Sera were obtained from vaccinated individuals who received double doses of either mRNA-1273 or BNT162b2 vaccines and had prior SARS-CoV-2 exposure during Wuhan-Hu-1 strain predominance , or no prior SARS-CoV-2-exposure [negative for SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein, n=38]. In addition, serum samples were obtained from 50 vaccinated and 38 convalescent pregnant females .
Further, the team investigated whether Ab Fc effector functions could be elicited by Middle East respiratory syndrome CoV, SARS-CoV-1, beta-CoVs HKU1 and OC4, and alpha-CoVs 229E and NL63. For antigen and Fc receptor expression, SARS-CoV-2 antigens were expressed transiently in HEK293 or Expi293 cells, and antigen-specific Abs were characterized using Fc array assays.
IgG subclass titers were more potent and broader across VOCs among seropositive individuals than in SARS-CoV-2-naïve individuals. The inter-subclass breadth differences between vaccinees and convalescents were greater for S RBD than the full-length S. Ab potency and breadth differences between vaccinees and convalescents were greater for FcγR binding rather than IgG titers, and greater for S RBD than full-length S.
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