Palaeogenomics, quantum entanglement and “click” chemistry win Nobel laurels
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Albert Einstein—who was no fan of the probabilistic nature of quantum mechanics—described entanglement as “spooky action at a distance”. He and others were concerned that it seemed to break the rules of special relativity, which stipulate that nothing can travel faster than the speed of light.
The third physics laureate, Anton Zeilinger of the University of Vienna, has spent decades looking for ways to put quantum entanglement to use. In 1997 he showed that it was possible to transfer information between particles, a process called “quantum teleportation”. He also demonstrated that two pairs of entangled particles can interact in interesting ways. In particular, bringing together one member of each entangled pair causes the two remaining particles themselves to become entangled.
Speaking after the announcement was made, Dr Zeilinger said that he had been surprised to receive the academy’s call an hour earlier. “I’m still kind of shocked,” he said, “but it’s a very positive shock.”
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