A vehicle that could dive underwater … and stay there? During the Revolutionary War, an American colonist built an experimental submersible vehicle that George Washington called “an effort of genius.”
watched the progress of the revolt’s early days and imagined what warfare would be like if it were possible to conduct it underwater. Bushnell had a restless mind and had tinkered with a variety of inventions to help the colonists’ cause.
Bushnell believed that naval warfare would be key to the Revolution—after all, the British Crown imported its legions of redcoats by ship and was already using its naval prowess to blockade the unruly colonists and force them to surrender. But Bushnell wanted to fight British ships in a new way: from beneath the water. To that end, he began constructing an experimental craft that could dive beneath the water and stay there, allowing its operator to bomb other watercraft with a timed explosive.
And what a machine it was: Bushnell envisioned a barrel-like vessel that would fit one operator, enclosing him in two shell-like halves that earned the device its name, the, the operator would use ballast and a pump to flood the lower portion of the vessels with water to make it submerge. The operator would then have about 30 minutes’ worth of oxygen to breathe while propelling the craft toward its target with a pair of hand- and foot-powered propellers and a rudder, using light from windows to navigate. Once having reached an enemy ship, the operator could use a primitive drill-like attachment on the hull of theand speed away undetected before it exploded.preparing to attack the British fleet off Staten Island in September 1776.
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