The protective effect of previous infections and vaccinations on SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection NatureComms rivm infections infection vaccine vaccination SARSCoV2 Omicron
By Dr. Priyom Bose, Ph.D.Aug 14 2023Reviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc. Hybrid immunity has been acquired by significant percentage of the population through previous infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination. A new Nature Communications study estimates the protective effect of hybrid immunity on infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in a prospective community-based cohort study conducted in the Netherlands.
The Netherlands experienced considerable waves of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infections and, combined with the high adult vaccination coverage, most of the Dutch adult population has acquired hybrid immunity. Thus, it is important to assess the potential benefit of booster vaccination in this population. The risk of Omicron infection was estimated by sequence and the number of prior immunizing events including previous infections and vaccine doses. The researchers also considered the type of prior immunizing events including infection-induced, vaccine-induced, or hybrid immunity. Associations between the risk of infection and types of prior immunizing events were also explored.
Related StoriesEach quartile increase in S-antibody concentration led to a significant decrease in infection risk. Likewise, previous studies have indicated that S-seropositive individuals are at a lower risk of infection with the Omicron variant as compared to seronegative individuals. There was no evidence implying that people with hybrid immunity were at a higher risk of Omicron infection as compared to those with infection as a first immunizing event. Since no effect of the sequence of immunization events was observed, hybrid immunity does not appear to be dependent on recent infection. Rather, hybrid immunity is due to the combination of previous infection with vaccination that confers strong immunity against SARS-CoV-2 variants, including the Omicron variant.
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