The potential of circular RNA COVID-19 vaccines Coronavirus Disease COVID RNA circularRNA mRNAvaccines WileyHealth
By Dr. Liji Thomas, MDJul 17 2022Reviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc. A new set of strategies is being investigated to combat the coronavirus disease 2019 , as well as other future viral pandemics. This includes the use of novel antigens, adjuvants, and delivery systems.
The devastating nature of the COVID-19 pandemic fueled global research efforts, which culminated in the production and emergency authorization of several COVID-19 vaccines within a year of the onset of the outbreak. Moreover, linear mRNA requires the addition of a 5` cap and 3` poly-adenine tail, with modified nucleotides such as 1-methylpseudouridine to ensure that exonuclease digestion does not occur. The use of lipid nanoparticles to encapsulate the mRNA offered additional protection.
When tested in mice, the circRNA vaccine elicited high titers of immunoglobulin G antibodies specific to the spike RBD. This serum was found to neutralize both pseudovirus and the wild-type strain of SARS-CoV-2 effectively, thereby indicating vaccine efficacy in vivo.
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