For some ‘30x30’ is not ambitious enough, for others it is impossible to enforce, but the main criticism is that area-based conservation violates human rights.
O’Donnell says: “They’re talking about a financial package for the whole framework, but a lot of people are discussing it in terms of the 30x30 target.”
Representatives of IPLCs say that even if this money is agreed upon, it could not reach the people stewarding the land. “It’s not for building theme parks,” one representative said at the International Indigenous Forum on Biodiversity press conference. They have reason to be worried—at COP27, $1.
In England, for example, the government says it is protecting around 28 percent of land for nature, but in reality it is closer to 3 percent,. The EU—which is championing 30x30—was accused of trying to water down the target by arguing that extractive industries, such as mining and drilling, should be allowed in protected areas, provided they do not negatively affect biodiversity.
Some argue that 30x30 is a distraction from the rampant overconsumption that drives biodiversity loss—and it is actually the endlessthat needs to be tackled. If achieved in isolation, 30x30 would just result in more rapid destruction of the remaining 70 percent of the planet, not under official state protection. This is where other targets—such as businesses taking into account their impacts on nature, rewilding subsidies, cutting down pollution and pesticides—all become important.
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