A new study, led by Hirofumi Nakagami at the Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research in Cologne, Germany, demonstrates that one of the two branches of plant immunity was likely to have evolved early during the establishment of plants on dry land. This insight into prehistoric plant immunity may have implications for breeding more resistant plant species.
The team around Hirofumi Nakagami, have discovered that the first line of immunity deployed by many flowering plants and their relatives is also found in the second main grouping of land plants, which includes mosses, liverworts and hornworts.
However, studies of their non-vascular cousins can provide significant insights into plant evolution, such as when certain traits and capabilities evolved and how widely traits are shared in general among extant land plants. Thus, a better understanding of non-Nakagami and his team, together with scientists from Japan and Spain, study Marchantia polymorpha , a species of liverwort from the non-vascular plants.
The scientists first confirmed that these responses where indeed present in Marchantia by challenging them with substances known to activate PTI. Analysis of the genome of the liverwort revealed the presence of PTI receptors, and when two of these were disrupted, Marchantia lost the ability to mount the defense responses.
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