A new study estimates $8 billion in global economic losses caused by soil erosion reducing crop yields and increasing water usage
estimates $8 billion in global economic losses caused by soil erosion reducing crop yields and increasing water usage.Under climate change, there are many more dry days interspersed by heavy rains. This leads to conditions where soil is more easily washed away during the strong rains. Land use change by humans exacerbates soil erosion by water, often by clearing out vegetation that help hold soil together. Steep surfaces can also contribute to the problem.
Researchers from the European Union Joint Research Centre coupled two models, RUSLE and MAGNET, to estimate economic losses from soil erosion by water. They found that. Worldwide, food production is reduced by 33.7 million tons of food. The study is unique in that the researchers were able to capture losses from structural economic change as a result of shifts in primary resources, like land quality. Previous studies simply calculated crop less and multiplied it by market values.
These observations underscore a pattern where countries least responsible for climate change are feeling the brunt of the impacts. This was observed with sea level rise, disease incidence and now with loss of arable land. When taking into account regions that have a larger agricultural base, India and Indonesia are"in relative terms, the biggest losers due to soil erosion" because losses are impacting 0.1% of GDP. The authors note that: increases of over two per cent, Indonesia and India are the countries whose food prices are negatively affected the most.
Soil erosion inflates food prices, in particular that of paddy rice, but also wheat and other staple foods. More water is withdrawn for agriculture, with an average 1.6% increase worldwide. Southeast Asia in particular is using more water because of the intense irrigation practices required for rice production. is unambiguously detrimental to global food production". They advocate for stakeholder action to protect soil due to its importance and and our lack of ability to replace soil.
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