Sequencing Cat Genomes Could Help Breed Healthier Kitties

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Sequencing Cat Genomes Could Help Breed Healthier Kitties
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A study of more than 11,000 felines reveals the benefits of genetic testing before breeding

Cats do not have perfect genes—our furry feline pals can inherit devastating genetic diseases. Key disease-causing versions of genes have been discovered with the rise of cat genome sequencing. And pedigree breeding can exacerbate the genetic troubles cat breeds face. Now the largest ever genetic study of domestic cats reveals the frequency with which the known disease-causing versions of genes, or gene variants, pop up in pedigreed cat breeds and their nonpedigreed cousins.

The commercial test they used for sampling the cats is similar to tests available for humans, Anderson says. Owners swabbed their petsrsquo; mouth to collect a DNA sample and then sent it in to be analyzed. Anderson and her team screened 10,419 pedigreed cats and 617 nonpedigreed ones for 87 different gene variants. Not all of the variants were associated with disease; some affected appearance or blood type.

Screening for disease-causing gene variants can help prevent them from being inherited. Of the 90 different breeds represented by the participating pedigreed cats, Maine coons had the highest number of disease-associated gene variants. One of the nine detected variants was associated with polycystic kidney disease, which is unexpected in Maine coons. Cats suffering from this disease form fluid-filled cysts on their kidneys that impact the organsrsquo; natural function.

These kinds of large-scale studies illuminate the frequency of various genetic diseases in all breeds, not just in the ones that were previously known to exhibit a disease. In fact, 13 disease-associated variants were found in the nonpedigreed cats that participated in the study, indicating that this technology is not only useful for breeders.

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