Scientists identify cellular signaling pathway as key player in metastasis sloan_kettering nature
on March 29, suggest that drugs to activate STING could help prevent the spread of cancer to new sites throughout the body—a process known as metastasis.
Instead of focusing on late-stage disease, when large, aggressive metastases have already emerged, the researchers focused on earlier stages—after cancer has developed but before it has been able to successfully gain a foothold in new parts of the body, says Jing Hu, Ph.D., a senior research scientist in the Massagué Lab and the first author of the"For example, nearly half of patients diagnosed with stage 1 or stage 2 lung adenocarcinoma will develop metastases," she says.
"This made a lot of sense to us because STING signaling is known to be important for triggering an immune response against cells made sick by viruses or by cancer mutations," Dr. Hu adds.Importantly, the researchers found that STING expression changes across different stages of metastasis. But cells that survive this bottleneck to generate larger clusters, called macrometastastes, again show reduced STING levels, which makes them more resistant to the immune system.
And when the scientists activated STING in mice lacking key immune cells, metastasis still developed—pointing to a critical role for STING in recruiting the immune cells to attack the cancer cells.
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