Research team finds that some magmas originate from mantle portions containing remnants of Earth's earliest crust UniCologne PNASNews
In an international collaboration, Earth scientists at the University of Cologne and Freie Universität Berlin have discovered that some magmas on Earth, which made their way through the deep terrestrial mantle and erupted at Earth's surface, originate from mantle portions that contain remnants of Earth's earliest crust.
For their study, the geologists investigated up to 3.55 billion-year-old rocks from southern Africa. The analysis of these rocks revealed small anomalies in the isotope composition of the element tungsten . The origin of these isotope anomalies, namely the relative abundance of 182W, relates to geological processes that must have occurred immediately after the formation of the Earth more than 4.5 billion years ago.
Model calculations by the authors show that the observed 182W isotope patterns are best explained by the recycling of Earth's earliest crust into mantle material that ascends via plumes from the lower mantle to generate lavas erupting at Earth's surface. Intriguingly, the study shows that similar isotope patterns can be observed in distinct types of modern volcanic rocks , which demonstrates that Earth's earliest crust is still buried in the lowermost mantle.
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