A method to extract rare earth elements from wastes may offer a sustainable alternative to mining, according to a new study in ScienceAdvances.
at 85°C for 4 hours. The sample was filtered using a sand core funnel and diluted using ultrapure water for ICP mass spectrometry measurement. For HCl leaching, ~50-mg samples were digested in ~10-ml HCl at 85°C for 4 hours. After digestion, the sample was filtered using a sand core funnel and diluted to ~20 ml using ultrapure water for ICP-MS measurement. The pH-dependent leaching dynamics were investigated by using 0.1, 0.01, 0.001, and 0.
For the e-waste samples, HCl-extractable REE contents were measured. Samples were digested using 10 ml of HCl at 85°C for 4 hours. The sample was then filtered using a sand core funnel and diluted to 20 ml using ultrapure water for ICP-MS measurement. For the CB as control, HCl-extractable REE contents were measured. Samples were digested using 10 ml of HCl at 85°C for 4 hours. The sample was then filtered using a sand core funnel and diluted to 20 ml using ultrapure water for ICP-MS measurement.
The ICP-MS measurement was conducted using a PerkinElmer Nexion 300 ICP-MS system. In the measurement, the primary REE interferences were oxides of lighter elements. To avoid the introduction of notable error, the formation of oxides was monitored using a mass ratio of 156:140 , which was kept below 3%. The detection limits for REE are in the level of 0.5 to 5 parts per trillion . The REE mixture standard was used .
The impurities, including Al, Si, Fe, Mg, Zn, Co, Ni, Cr, and Cu, in the leachates were also measured using the ICP-MS. The mixture standard was used . ICP-MS is difficult to be used to define Ca due to the primary isotope of argon, which is at=40. Hence, ICP optical emission spectrometry was used to quantify Ca. The ICP-OES measurement was conducted using a PerkinElmer Optima 8300 ICP-OES.SEM images were obtained using a FEI Quanta 400 ESEM field emission microscope at 10 kV.
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