Citing Tyre Nichols’ death, attorney Ben Crump said a civilian’s race, not a police officer’s, determines use of excessive force. Studies and data to answer that question are limited, experts told PolitiFact.
that describes when an officer’s use of force goes beyond what is reasonably accepted for the situation. How this term is defined can also vary by state and is often determined by courts or local police departments.
Most studies examine data pertaining to use of force by police, rather than excessive force. Available data"strictly tells us that force occurred, that someone died as a result of an interaction with a cop," said Justin Nix, a University of Nebraska, Omaha criminology professor. It's much trickier to take that data and"narrow down on what was excessive.
"There are clear racial disparities in the use of force on citizens and that’s a function of officers being more likely to stop and to interrogate Black citizens," Nix said."I don't think that's up for debate anymore.""Mr. Crump is correct that the race of the citizen is what will tell you how likely it is that police will use force," Harris said.
But there’s a caveat, Engel said. These studies compare the rates of shootings or use of lethal force to the total U.S. population. Researchers are divided over the best methods of using data to determine whether the race of the civilian signals whether force will be used. Several studies took into account other factors such as whether the civilian was armed or resisted arrest. Results in these studies are mixed.using data from the Dallas Police Department found Black people stopped by police were two-thirds as likely as non-Black people to have a weapon drawn against them.
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