New study suggests broad neutralizing antibody could provide three years of COVID protection Antibody Coronavirus Disease COVID ScienceTM Invivyd
Study: Antibody-mediated protection against symptomatic COVID-19 can be achieved at low serum neutralizing titers. Image Credit: Design_Cells / Shutterstock
About the study The researchers had hitherto engineered a broadly neutralizing antibody , ADG2, targeted towards the receptor-binding domain region of SARS-CoV-2 for which they derived the precursor from a SARS-CoV survivor of the 2003 outbreak. In vitro-engineered mAb, ADG2 demonstrated high potency against all sarbecoviruses targeting host angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors.
Based on its performance in the NHP animal model, the team performed a phase II/III study in SARS-CoV-2–naïve adult individuals . It helped them assess the safety and PK of a 300mg IM dose of adintrevimab against symptomatic COVID-19 within the preexposure prophylaxis cohort. They also investigated the association between serum-neutralizing titers due to adintrevimab and its protective efficacy.
Results In the pre-Omicron cohort, i.e., the participants enrolled on or before 30 November 2021, adintrevimab administration reduced the risk of symptomatic COVID-19 by 71% compared to placebo for up to three months. However, due to the relatively lower potency of adintrevimab against Omicron, its efficacy diminished more rapidly in the Omicron PrEP cohort. Thus, the researchers observed a relative reduction in the risk of symptomatic COVID-19 from 60% to 41% from day 28 to day 60.
On days 90 and 180, the normalized Delta serum neutralizing titers correlated with 71% and 84.4% risk reductions against symptomatic Delta infection. Likewise, on days 28, 60, and 90, the average serum concentrations of adintrevimab translated to anti-Omicron BA.1 serum neutralizing titers of 1:29, 1:25, and 1:21, respectively. These neutralizing titers corresponded to 60%, 41%, and 37% relative risk reductions against symptomatic Omicron BA.1/BA1.1 infection in humans.
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