For microsurgeons who reattach fingers, ears, and other extremities, leeches remain an invaluable medical device.
One of the first times leeches were used this way was in 1985 on a five-year-old whose ear was bitten off by a dog. A few days after surgeons sewed the organ back on, “it turned blackish blue from blood congestion,” according to an. After failed efforts to drain the blood-filled ear with anti clotting agents and small cuts, Harvard physician Joseph Upton attached two leeches and “the ear perked up right away.” Twenty years later, in 2005, the U.S.
“We’re probably the only subspecialty that uses it, across the surgical spectrum,” Prsic says. “We’ve been using them for a long time.” To reattach a severed finger, for example, a surgeon will pin bones back together, connect severed tendons and nerves, re-plumb the vascular circulation, and sew skin back in place. In some instances, newly attached arteries flood more blood into the finger than can be pumped out by newly re-connected veins leading to swollen, purplish fingers. That imbalance in blood flow can threaten the finger’s healing, and, in some instances, prevent its survival.
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