Sweden, South Africa and Australia are at the forefront of a push to transform piles of mine waste and by-products into rare earths vital for the green energy revolution, hoping to substantially cut dependence on Chinese supply.
Prices of the minerals used in products from electric cars to wind turbines have been strong, and a rush to meet net-zero carbon targets is expected to further boost demand.
The six projects, processing material from mineral sands, fertiliser and iron ore operations, are targeting output of over 10,000 tonnes of key elements neodymium and praseodymium oxide by 2027, analysis by Reuters and consultants Adamas Intelligence showed. "These projects are the low-hanging fruit in the supply chain at the moment," said Ryan Castilloux, managing director at Adamas.
Material from an initial stage of iron ore processing, which is currently deposited in a tailings dam, will be retained and go through further treatment stages. Rainbow Rare Earths will use a new process developed by U.S. company K-Technologies based on ion chromatography, which is common in the pharmaceutical industry and other sectors.
"REEtec fits the narrative of building processing capacity for rare earths in the part of the supply chain where we think there's a bottleneck," said Guillaume de Dardel, head of energy transition metals at Mercuria.
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