Long-term humoral response and its determinants following 2- and 3-dose COVID-19 mRNA vaccines medrxivpreprint NCGM1868 COVID19 coronavirus covid vaccine vaccination mRNA
By Dr. Chinta SidharthanNov 14 2022Reviewed by Danielle Ellis, B.Sc. In a recent study posted to the medRxiv* preprint server, researchers compared the waning of vaccine-induced immunity from two and three doses of messenger ribonucleic acid coronavirus disease 2019 Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine BNT162b2 by conducting a repeated serological study to assess the prolonged humoral response.
However, the waning of antibody responses based on comorbidities such as obesity, immunosuppression, and other serious diseases has not been evaluated for the primary vaccination regimen or the third booster dose. Understanding the factors determining long-term humoral immunity is critical for formulating public health decisions during the continuing COVID-19 pandemic.
From the gathered data, some were excluded due to missing information on body mass index, immunosuppressive treatments, underlying health conditions, smoking or alcohol drinking behavior, and mismatch between SARS-CoV-2 infection reports and seropositive anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein assays. Results The results reported an overall decrease in antibody waning rates after the booster vaccine dose. Additionally, the antibody waning rates in individuals with hybrid immunity from vaccination and previous SARS-CoV-2 infections were further decreased.
Furthermore, there were no differences in antibody titer durability based on the sequence of infections and vaccinations, or the dominant variant in circulation during infection, suggesting that the longevity of antibody titers was not influenced by the variant responsible for the SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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