In a New Hubble Image, Dark Matter Anchors the Giant Galaxy Cluster Abell 611 - by spacewriter
Today, astronomers still grapple with understanding this cosmic “stuff.” Not just because galaxy clusters aren’t flying apart. Or that galaxies aren’t either. It appears that the universe is not just stars and galaxies and nebulae and planets. About 85 percent of the mass in the Universe is dark matter. Compare that to the mass we can see—also known as normal matter or baryonic matter. That comprises only about 5 percent.
A computer simulation of the distribution of matter in the universe. Orange regions host galaxies; blue structures are gas and dark matter. Credit: TNG Collaboration So, we know it’s there in most galaxies. But what IS dark matter? A lot of theories abound, but they boil down to two possibilities. It could be a type of particle that exists all over the Universe but doesn’t interact with light. Or, it might consist of an extensive population of massive objects that can’t be detected with our current technology. So, they’re either WIMPs or MACHOs are helping astronomers identify 88 distant galaxies in this field of view for further study.
In fact, clusters across the Universe show this effect of dark matter haloes surrounding them. One of JWST’s first images shows the gravitational lensing caused by the halo around the cluster SMACS J0723.3-7327. It has thousands of galaxies surrounded by a dark matter halo. Each galaxy also has a component of dark matter. The result is the amazing display of lensed galaxies seen in the image.
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Hubble spies a cosmic 'spider web' containing clues to dark secretAndrew is a freelance space journalist with a focus on reporting on China's rapidly growing space sector. He began writing for Space.com in 2019 and writes for SpaceNews, IEEE Spectrum, National Geographic, Sky & Telescope, New Scientist and others. Andrew first caught the space bug when, as a youngster, he saw Voyager images of other worlds in our solar system for the first time. Away from space, Andrew enjoys trail running in the forests of Finland. You can follow him on Twitter AJ_FI.
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