From the Archives: Archaeologists working with an interdisciplinary team have estimated the population of the ancient Greater Angkor Region in Cambodia at its peak in the 13th century.
. Called lidar, this technology was able to do in a few days of scanning and data processing what had previously taken archaeologists months, if not years, of work: see through dense vegetation to accurately map the ground surface of Angkor.
created a comprehensive database that unites 2012 lidar mapping work with a massive archaeological dataset acquired by anof scholars over the last 30 years. Our goal was to combine all available data into one framework so we could understand which buildings had existed at various points in time and then ascribe the right number of people to each structure in order to come up with overall population estimates.
In some cases, we could use inscriptions and changes in the decorative styles of the temples to help date features on the landscape. In other cases, we usedto sort temples in terms of similarity based on every bit of information we have about them: orientation, size, artifact types, pedestal types, and so on. Then we used the known dates we do have for some temples to predict dates for others based on how close they are to one another on the algorithm’s graph.
In the early stages of Angkor’s growth, we found fairly equal populations in the civic-ceremonial center and Angkor metropolitan area, but then the population in the countryside exploded as the city began to grow. In contrast, the civic-ceremonial center’s population grew more slowly until the late 12th century. Our ongoing research explores how and why these changes took place.
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