Ethylene is an essential plant hormone at low concentrations. Concentrations in the field rarely exceed 5 nmol⋅mol−1 (0.005 ppm), but it can accumulate as a gas in closed, indoor environments. These elevated levels can reduce growth and yield.
We found that there was a steady decrease in yield with increasing ethylene concentration, but vegetative growth was reduced less than 10% in any treatment. The highest ethylene concentration reduced yield to 11% of the control at 22°C and to 4% of the control at 28°C; the intermediate ethylene level reduced yield to 51% of the control at 22°C and 37% at 28°C. Regardless ofis necessary to achieve normal fruit set and yield in tomato.
According to F. Mitchell Westmoreland, a coauthor on the paper,"Twenty years ago, we discovered that seed set of wheat was blocked by the ethylene levels on the International Space Station. Ethylene is not toxic to humans and the NASA air quality scientists were not monitoring it on ISS. This finding prompted a request for proposals for ethylene effects on food crops.
"With support from NASA, we designed and built an automated system to continuously monitor and control ethylene at ppb levels in 10 plant growth chambers. Plants synthesize ethylene throughout their life cycle, and it accumulates in closed environments. These findings inform air filtering requirements for closed-environment food production systems, in space and on Earth."Timothy J.
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