Scientists studied the Squid Galaxy, Messier 77, to determine how chemicals swirl around its shrouded central black hole.
"Recently, an important and interesting issue about galaxies has been the investigation of power sources in active galaxies, focusing especially on the obscured galactic nuclei, which are the central engines of the galaxy starburst or AGN," the team behind the research writes in a paper published in."Observations revealing the power sources may provide key information regarding the evolution of galaxies.
Thanks to the impressive spatial resolution ability of ALMA and the employment of a new machine learning technique, the team was able to map the distribution of 23 molecules present in the galaxy. The Squid galaxy as seen by the Very Large Telescope the galaxy’s active galactic nucleus by the telescope’s MATISSE instrument. This is possible because chemical elements and compounds absorb light at characteristic wavelengths, so by looking at light shining through gas and dust, scientists can see"lines," or gaps, where light has been absorbed. This shows the chemical composition of the dust and gas.
In particular, the team observed that isotopes of hydrogen cyanide were confined to the central region of the AGN, while cyanide radicals were also located at the galaxy’s active center but blasted outwards too, in jets extending from both poles of the supermassive black hole.
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