Brown dwarfs are usually much cooler than stars like our sun, astronomers have discovered an object orbiting a star that is hotter than the sun.
They do have some form of fusion, however, as heavy isotopes of hydrogen called deuterium require less temperature and pressure to fuse., and a star, and usually burn at a much lower temperature than most other stars.
Usually, brown dwarfs are nowhere near the temperature of WD0032-317B, which was named by a team including astrophysicist Na'ama Hallakoun of the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel, making it the hottest of its kind ever found. Brown dwarfs are usually between 480 and 1,930 C, due to not having the same level of energy generation as a standard star.
NASA graphic showing how brown dwarfs are more massive than planets but not quite as hugeas stars. A brown dwarf becomes a star if its core pressure gets high enough to start nuclear fusion.WD0032-317B was found to have a mass of between 75 and 88 Jupiters, and orbits its star in only 2.3 hours. The reason for its unusually scorching temperatures is that this brown dwarf orbits its parent star at a very close distance, bombarding its surface with ultraviolet light. This can lead to a process called thermal dissociation occurring, which is when the atmosphere of the orbiting planet evaporates, with the molecules being torn apart.
"To date, only 12 white dwarf + brown dwarf systems are known. This makes WD0032−317 the 13th known such system , with the hottest irradiated companion," the authors wrote in the paper.
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