Scientists reviewing over a decade's worth of studies on the fate of notorious pollutants – dubbed 'forever chemicals' for the way they persist in waterways, soils, and sea ice – have unearthed where environmental hotspots of contamination lie.
PFASs – synthetic chemicals highly effective as non-stick and waterproofing agents – have been in use since the 1950s. Since the early 2000s, these compounds have been widely detected in global groundwater.
, and into groundwater systems, which supply drinking water to millions of people who tap into aquifers and boreholes. Their work looked at how the chemical properties of PFAS substances – which vary in length, molecular weight and polarity – and geological factors such as soil and water chemistry interact to influence the transport and retention of these pollutants in various subsurface layers.
Of the PFAS studied, those with long carbon chains were retained in soils, whereas more mobile, shorter PFAS molecules were able to rapidly infiltrate groundwater. Negatively charged PFAS were also most likely to move through soil and contaminate the groundwater.
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