A 160,000-year-old Denisovan jawbone fossil has been found in a cave on the Tibetan plateau, in a new study. This marks the first evidence of Denisovans found outside Denisova Cave in Siberia since the mysterious ancient human group was discovered in 2010.
Denisovans, who lived during a time that overlapped with Neanderthals, are known only from a few fossils discovered in a Siberian cave. But they also left a genetic legacy that lives on today in the DNA of some Asian, Australian and Melanesian humans. A Denisovan genome was sequenced in 2012 and compared with that of modern humans, revealing the trait.Tibetans and Sherpas have a genetic variant that helps them live in low oxygen at high altitudes, which can be traced back to Denisovans.
At 160,000 years old, the fossil predates other evidence of ancient humans at such a high altitude in the area, which was previously set at between 30,000 and 40,000 years ago. The age and features of the fossil are also similar to those of the oldest known Denisovan fossils from Denisova Cave, which suggests that the populations were closely related.The entrance to the Baishiya Karst Cave.
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