After a mild concussion, parts of the brain can become 'hyperconnected,' and this may contribute to patients' long-lasting symptoms.
Even light bumps on the head can cause long-term problems, and researchers may now have an idea why: The brain's wiring can change in the aftermath of mild concussions.
An estimated 50 million new TBI cases are reported worldwide each year and this figure has been increasing. The trend prompted scientists to launch CENTER-TBI, a European Union-funded project aimed at improving care for TBI patients. The recent study, published in February in the journal Brain , used CENTER-TBI data and found that, even for mild TBI, in which the patient is expected to make a full recovery within six months, problems often persist beyond that point.
The brain changes identified in the new study hint at a way of identifying which patients will likely suffer long-lasting symptoms, as well as possible targets for drugs that may aid the recovery. Although the CT and standard MRI scans didn't reveal structural changes in the TBI patients' brains, the fMRIs showed significantly higher connectivity between the thalamus and the rest of the brain, compared with the healthy controls. The thalamus is often described as the"relay" of the brain because many signals pass through the structure before being shuttled elsewhere.
"We can't claim to fully understand why it happens yet," said Stamatakis. Some scientists theorize that, immediately after mild TBI, the brain becomes hyperconnected, but that connectivity later dwindles and becomes lower than usual, in the long-term.
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