One engineer calls the expansion of the grid demanded by decarbonisation the “biggest change to the power system in history”. But even once it’s completed, you face the wicked job of balancing it
link which runs under the Moray Firth to Caithness, in Scotland’s north. The growth of wind farms across Caithness has outstripped the capacity of the local grid; to keep it stable some of the farms are turned off on windy days and their owners reimbursed for the electricity not sold. In 2021 such curtailment payments in Scotland reached £382m. The Caithness-Moray link provides that electricity with a new route south, reducing curtailment and giving relief to the grid.
The technology is also being used, as in the past, to plug far-flung renewables into the grid. Even when the sophistication ofs is not needed their small footprint stands them in good stead; space is at a premium on offshore platforms. Sometimes, though, their sophistication matters. “Multiterminal”-based conversion, will allow big offshore wind farms to serve more than one grid, and to act as links between all the grids which they serve.
The northern converter station of the Caithness-Moray link will eventually become multiterminal. Power will run into it not just from Blackhillock to the south but also, via a cable now under construction, from the Shetland Islands to the north and from new wind farms built off the coast. This will mean that on a given day, depending on the needs of the grid, energy can be sent from the Shetlands to Aberdeenshire, or from offshore wind farms to the Shetlands, or a bit of both.
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