A study in BMCPublicHealth finds that interventions of air pollution control are significantly associated with reductions in intracerebral hemorrhage deaths, especially in females, in Tianjin, China.
Interrupted time series analysis revealed a statistically significant change in long-term trend of ICH deaths in Tianjin following the intervention in June 2014. Additionally, statistically significant immediate changes were observed following the interventions in October 2017, December 2017, and March 2018.
The number of deaths due to ICH in Tianjin decreased by 0.69 per month under a sustained long-term trend after the intervention in June 2014. The model predicts that 54.51 fewer ICH deaths could have been achieved with the impact of that trend during the study period. There were immediate changes that the ICH deaths in Tianjin decreased by 25.74 , 26.58 , and 30.40 after the interventions in October 2017, December 2017, and March 2018 respectively.
There were no statistically significant differences in the immediate or long-term changes of male ICH deaths in Tianjin after the four interventions. In comparison, female ICH deaths had statistically significant long-term trend changes after the intervention in June 2014 and immediate changes after the interventions in December 2017 and March 2018.
The female ICH deaths in Tianjin decreased by 0.37 per month under a sustained long-term trend after the intervention in June 2014. It predicts that 29.23 fewer ICH deaths could have been achieved with the impact of that trend during the study period. There were immediate changes that the female ICH deaths in Tianjin decreased by 12.87 and 13.08 after the interventions in December 2017 and March 2018, respectively.
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Effects of airway pressure release ventilation on lung physiology assessed by electrical impedance tomography in patients with early moderate-to-severe ARDS - Critical CareObjective The aim of this study was to investigate the physiological impact of airway pressure release ventilation (APRV) on patients with early moderate-to-severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) by electrical impedance tomography (EIT). Methods In this single-center prospective physiological study, adult patients with early moderate-to-severe ARDS mechanically ventilated with APRV were assessed by EIT shortly after APRV (T0), and 6 h (T1), 12 h (T2), and 24 h (T3) after APRV initiation. Regional ventilation and perfusion distribution, dead space (%), shunt (%), and ventilation/perfusion matching (%) based on EIT measurement at different time points were compared. Additionally, clinical variables related to respiratory and hemodynamic condition were analyzed. Results Twelve patients were included in the study. After APRV, lung ventilation and perfusion were significantly redistributed to dorsal region. One indicator of ventilation distribution heterogeneity is the global inhomogeneity index, which decreased gradually [0.61 (0.55–0.62) to 0.50 (0.42–0.53), p | 0.001]. The other is the center of ventilation, which gradually shifted towards the dorsal region (43.31 ± 5.07 to 46.84 ± 4.96%, p = 0.048). The dorsal ventilation/perfusion matching increased significantly from T0 to T3 (25.72 ± 9.01 to 29.80 ± 7.19%, p = 0.007). Better dorsal ventilation (%) was significantly correlated with higher PaO2/FiO2 (r = 0.624, p = 0.001) and lower PaCO2 (r = -0.408, p = 0.048). Conclusions APRV optimizes the distribution of ventilation and perfusion, reducing lung heterogeneity, which potentially reduces the risk of ventilator-induced lung injury.
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Effects of a virtual voice-based coach delivering problem-solving treatment on emotional distress and brain function: a pilot RCT in depression and anxiety - Translational PsychiatryTranslational Psychiatry - Effects of a virtual voice-based coach delivering problem-solving treatment on emotional distress and brain function: a pilot RCT in depression and anxiety
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Is there an association between long-term plasma caffeine intake and adiposity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases?Is there an association between long-term plasma caffeine intake and adiposity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases? bmj_latest UU_University caffeine coffee type2diabetes T2D cardiovasculardisease CVD adiposity
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Paul Cattermole's cause of death confirmed after S Club 7 singer's death aged 46BREAKING: It's been confirmed that S Club 7 singer Paul Cattermole died of 'natural causes' last month aged 46.
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Inequity of antenatal influenza and pertussis vaccine coverage in Australia: the Links2HealthierBubs record linkage cohort study, 2012–2017 - BMC Pregnancy and ChildbirthBackground Pregnancy and early infancy are increased risk periods for severe adverse effects of respiratory infections. Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander (respectfully referred to as First Nations) women and children in Australia bear a disproportionately higher burden of respiratory diseases compared to non-Indigenous women and infants. Influenza vaccines and whooping cough (pertussis) vaccines are recommended and free in every Australian pregnancy to combat these infections. We aimed to assess the equity of influenza and/or pertussis vaccination in pregnancy for three priority groups in Australia: First Nations women; women from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds; and women living in remote areas or socio-economic disadvantage. Methods We conducted individual record linkage of Perinatal Data Collections with immunisation registers/databases between 2012 and 2017. Analysis included generalised linear mixed model, log-binomial regression with a random intercept for the unique maternal identifier to account for clustering, presented as prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% compatibility intervals (95%CI). Results There were 445,590 individual women in the final cohort. Compared with other Australian women (n = 322,848), First Nations women (n = 29,181) were less likely to have received both recommended antenatal vaccines (PR 0.69, 95% CI 0.67–0.71) whereas women from CALD backgrounds (n = 93,561) were more likely to have (PR 1.16, 95% CI 1.10–1.13). Women living in remote areas were less likely to have received both vaccines (PR 0.75, 95% CI 0.72–0.78), and women living in the highest areas of advantage were more likely to have received both vaccines (PR 1.44, 95% CI 1.40–1.48). Conclusions Compared to other groups, First Nations Australian families, those living in remote areas and/or families from lower socio-economic backgrounds did not receive recommended vaccinations during pregnancy that are the benchmark of equitable healthcare. Addressin
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