Does vitamin D reduce COVID-19 severity? researchsquare PCOMeducation VitaminD Severity COVID19 SARSCoV2
By Dr. Chinta SidharthanNov 8 2022Reviewed by Aimee Molineux A recent review posted to the Research Square* preprint server examined published studies for a consistent association between vitamin D levels and coronavirus disease 2019 severity.
Cytokine storm is an imbalance in the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha , interferon-gamma , and interleukins 6 and 1 beta , and anti-inflammatory factors such IL-10. Vitamin D regulates the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, with studies showing significant protective effects of vitamin D supplementation against acute respiratory infections. The active form of vitamin D, calcitriol, is also known to activate antiviral peptides.
Results The results were near significant when median serum vitamin D levels in COVID-19-positive individuals were compared to those in COVID-19-negative individuals. However, when vitamin D levels were compared with the progression of COVID-19 severity, the results were not statistically significant. The serum vitamin D levels were also not significantly different when compared between COVID-19 survivors and mortalities.
A study comparing vitamin D levels between inpatients who exhibited severe symptoms of COVID-19 and outpatients with milder disease symptoms found that patients with severe symptoms had significantly lower median vitamin D levels . Although the difference was not statistically significant, the review found that individuals with higher vitamin D levels had fewer median hospitalization days.
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