What is dark matter? It has never been observed, yet scientists estimate that it makes up 85% of the matter in the universe. The short answer is that no one knows what dark matter is. More than a century ago, Lord Kelvin offered it as an explanation for the velocity of stars in our own galaxy. Decad
es later, Swedish astronomer Knut Lundmark noted that the universe must contain much more matter than we can observe. Scientists since the 1960s and ’70s have been trying to figure out what this mysterious substance is, using ever-more complicated technology. However, a growing number of physicists suspect that the answer may be that there is no such thing asScientists can observe far-away matter in a number of ways.
Scientists thought that there must be more matter present in these galaxies than we can currently observe.. They couldn’t really say what properties it might have except that it must have gravitational pull, and there must be quite a bit of it. In fact, the vast majority of the universe must be dark matter. Otherwise, galaxies wouldn’t have been able to stick around as long as they seem to do.
Dark matter was proposed as a way to reconcile Newtonian physics with the data. But what if, instead of reconciliation, a modified theory is needed. This is where an Israeli physicist named Mordehai Milgrom makes an entrance. He developed a theory of gravity in 1982 that postulates gravity functions differently when it becomes very weak, such as at the edge of disk galaxies.them. The problem with theories is that they can explain just about anything.
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