Using Mendelian randomization, researchers found that altering seven metformin targets led to improved blood pressure and BMI in non-diabetic individuals. The study suggests the potential for metformin's role in reducing cardiovascular risks in the general population, although more research is needed.
By Susha Cheriyedath, M.Sc.Sep 24 2023Reviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc. In a recent study published in eBioMedicine, researchers use Mendelian randomization to investigate the effects of perturbing seven metformin targets on the cardiometabolic health of the general and non-diabetic populations. The perturbation of these known metformin targets was associated with beneficial effects on blood pressure and body mass index in non-diabetic individuals.
Evidence obtained from clinical trials suggests that metformin has a good safety profile and may have benefits in cardiometabolic diseases such as coronary death, cardiovascular disease, and body weight in diabetic individuals. However, the effects of metformin on blood pressure in diabetic individuals are unclear. Likewise, the impact of metformin on cardiometabolic diseases in those with normal glycated hemoglobin levels has not been studied thoroughly.
Thirty-four genetic variants were selected to proxy the long-term effects of these metformin targets. Four different MR methods were applied to examine the genetic associations of HbA1c, BMI, systolic blood pressure , and diastolic blood pressure with the metformin targets. Furthermore, 23 independent variants were used to instrument the circulating HbA1c levels.
One-sample MR was used to determine the average and target-specific effects of perturbation of metformin targets on BMI, SBP, and DBP in 338,425 non-diabetic individuals in the United Kingdom Biobank.
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