Comparative hospitalization and mortality risk in the US population during the Omicron and Delta periods CDCgov NIHClinicalCntr COVID19 coronavirus covid Omicron Delta
By Neha MathurSep 19 2022Reviewed by Danielle Ellis, B.Sc. In a recent report published in the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ’s Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report , researchers compared in-hospital mortality across coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic periods.
About the study In the present study, researchers retrieved the COVID-19-related hospitalizations and deaths data from 678 US hospitals registered with the Premier Healthcare Database Special COVID-19 Release . An expired discharge status indicated a COVID-19-related in-hospital death. The researchers used the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification code U07.1 to identify COVID-19-related hospitalizations.
The study model estimated adjusted mortality risk differences and adjusted mortality risk ratios , which quantify absolute risk and relative risk for in-hospital death, respectively. Furthermore, the researchers conducted descriptive analyses for three pre-Delta periods between April 2020 and June 2021.
Regarding the pattern of cMRs, cMR was one to two percentage points higher for COVID-19 hospitalizations than for total COVID-19 hospitalizations till December 2021. As COVID-19-related hospitalizations began to decrease during the early Omicron period, the cMR difference increased to up to 3.5 percentage points to return to 1 to 2 percentage points in the later Omicron period.
Conclusions During the Omicron predominance period, the cMR for COVID-19-related hospitalizations decreased to 4.9%. This cMR was nearly one-third of the observed cMR in the Delta predominance period and lower than any other period of the COVID-19 pandemic. Likewise, in-hospital mortality decreased for all patient groups during the later Omicron period.
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