China rolls out “radical” change to its research enterprise.
Facing tighter restrictions on access to key technologies and an increasingly competitive global scientific landscape, China has launched a major shake-up of its research organizations in pursuit of “self-reliance” in science and technology.
In part, the moves represent a response to recent decisions by the United States to restrict sales of advanced computer chips and semiconductor manufacturing equipment to China. The United States is pushing Japan and the Netherlands to adopt similar bans. This led Chinese President Xi Jinping to bluntly tell business executives at a 6 March meeting that China is facing a U.S.
One problem is that although MOST set research priorities, allocated money, and evaluated projects , it had limited control over how other ministries conducted their research. That led to inefficiencies and sometimes lackluster results, analysts have said. The new plan gives agencies greater responsibility for research within their mission areas and creates a more independent mechanism for evaluating results.
MOST is likely to retain an important role as the body that will execute the commission’s policy directives, Suttmeier says. Notably, MOST will still manage China’s National Natural Science Foundation, which provides grants to small groups of researchers working on fundamental topics. “China has not been quiet about its struggles to improve in more basic and foundational science,” Weinstein says.
Even if China meets that goal, however, it would still lag behind the United States, where 17% of total research spending went to basic work in 2019, according to the U.S. National Science Foundation.
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