Quantum drones that fly around delivering molecules would need quantum clocks to work – how can we build one? nicoleyh11 writes for our latest edition of Lost in Space-Time
participate in an uncertainty relation similarly to position and momentum. So a quantum system with a well-defined time would be in a superposition of all possible energies. Moreover, the superposition would be spreadacross all possible energies: if you measured the clock’s energy, your probability of obtaining one possible outcome would equal your probability of obtaining any other possible outcome.Pauli proved mathematically that no quantum system can have a time observable.
Moreover, the clock is fairly stable. Reading a quantum clock is not like reading a classical one. The act of using it to determine the time would trigger a counterintuitive quantum phenomenon: measurement disturbance. You can observe an everyday clock without affecting which time it reports, just as a police officer can register your car’s speed without your noticing . But quantum systems are more delicate than everyday systems.
How well could Mischa, Ralph, and Jonathan’s clock withstand such disturbances? Not too poorly, you could say, if channelling my Britain-based colleagues. Imagine growing the clock – adding particles to it, although not so many particles that the clock loses its quantum nature. The bigger the clock, the greater its resilience. And giving a little gets you a lot: as the clock grows, its resilience grows exponentially.
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