Brexiteers’ plans to choke off immigration from Europe, to boost productivity, has not worked
plan to end free movement from the European Union was not only about satisfying popular hostility to immigration. Leavers also talked of fixing Britain’s perennial productivity problems. Boris Johnson, as prime minister in 2021, described a future that was “high wage, high skill, high productivity”, and would be realised only if Britain kicked its addiction to cheap foreign labour.
Alas, the experiment has not worked. The food sector offers an example of what went wrong. Since Brexit, real output per worker in agriculture and food manufacturing has not risen; in some quarters it has fallen. Nor has there been an automation boom. Businesses show little sign of investing more or raising wages to attract more domestic workers, says Jonathan Portes, a professor of economics at King’s College London.
Despite the high numbers, some firms have struggled. Brexiteers wanted fewer but higher-skilled immigrants. The opposite happened: fewer than one in seven arrivals last year were skilled workers ). The new visa system has forced firms to take some drastic measures. In 2022 Cranswick, a big food producer, paid £4m to fly in 400 Filipino butchers to avoid a Christmas shutdown.
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