New techniques can answer questions that were previously inaccessible experimentally — including questions about the relationship between quantum mechanics and relativity. Scientists at TU Wien and other institutions have developed a 'quantum simulator' using ultracold atomic clouds to model quan
In the background: the gravitational lens effect, an example of an effect explained by relativity. With quantum particles, analogous effects can be studied. Credit: NASA / TU Wien
created when black holes collide. Quantum theory works well when describing particle-scale phenomena — such as the behavior of individual electrons in an. But combining the two in a completely satisfactory way has yet to be achieved. The search for a “quantum theory of gravity” is considered one of the significant unsolved tasks of science.
The basic idea behind the quantum simulator is simple: Many physical systems are similar. Even if they are entirely different kinds of particles or physical systems on different scales that, at first glance, have little to do with each other, these systems may obey the same laws and equations at a deeper level. This means one can learn something about a particular system by studying another.
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