Astrocytes: The Unsung Heroes of Stress Management — How little-known brain cells |
Researchers from UC San Francisco have discovered a new brain circuit involving astrocytes, a lesser-known type of brain cell, which play a significant role in moderating overactive neurons and modulating attention and perception.
Until this study, it was assumed that brain activity just quieted down with time as the amount of noradrenaline in the brain dissipated. “It seemed like there was a central piece missing in the explanation of how our brains recover from that acute stress,” said Reitman. “There are these other cells right nearby which are sensitive to noradrenaline and might help coordinate what the neurons around them are doing.”The team focused on understanding perception, or how the brain processes sensory experiences, which can be quite different depending on what state a person is in at the time.
“Our team is trying to understand how this processing looks different in the brain under these different circumstances,” she said.To do that, Poskanzer and Reitman looked at how mice responded when given a drug that stimulates the same receptors that respond to noradrenaline. They then measured how much the mice’s pupils dilated and looked at brain signals in the visual cortex.
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