Archaeologists have uncovered the oldest prepared ochre in East Asia, suggesting the ochre artisans were modern humans and part of a previously undetected migration into Eurasia.
only about 100 kilometers from the newly reported site presents a direct genetic line to some present-day Asians. But no ochre artifacts older than 35,000 years have been found in the region. Sophisticated slim stone points, another innovation typical of modern humans, don’t appear until 29,000 years ago.Wang Fa-Gang
Using radiocarbon dating and optically stimulated luminescence—a technique that measures the time since sediment last saw sunlight—the team, joined by scientists from Europe and the Chinese Academy of Sciences , discovered the artifacts were between 39,000 and 41,000 years old,. Given that ochre artifacts nearby are younger, they didn’t expect such an old date. “When the results came out … it really surprised us. Wow,” recalls Shixia Yang, lead author of the study and an archaeologist with CAS.
The stone artifacts also proved unique for the region and period. Made from chert and quartz pebbles, most measured less than 2 centimeters. The pebbles had been broken into tiny stones with sharp edges, hafted onto bone handles, and likely used for scraping hides, boring wood, and whittling plants. “They did a lot with these 2-centimeter things,” Yang says.
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