'... viewing Swahili heritage as primarily African or non-African is too simplistic. In fact, both perspectives are byproducts of colonialist biases'
Another surprise was that, mixed in with the Persians, Indians were a significant proportion of the earliest migrants. Patterns in the DNA also suggest that, after the transition to Omani control in the 18th century, Asian immigrants became increasingly Arabian. Later there was intermarriage with peoples whose DNA was similar to others in Africa.
Gereza Fort on Kilwa Kisiwani, built by the Omanis in the 18th century on the ruins of a 16th-century Portuguese fort, is indicative of the turnover of influences in the region.One of the most revealing patterns our genetic analysis identified was that the overwhelming majority of male-line ancestors came from Asia, while female-line ancestors came from Africa. This finding must reflect a history of Persian males traveling to the coast and having children with local women.
One of us initially hypothesized that these patterns might reflect Asian men forcibly marrying African women because similar genetic signatures in other populations are known to . But this theory does not account for what is known about the culture, and there is a more likely explanation.
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