There's only one species of abalone native to Alaska waters. A new project is underway to find ways to boost its depleted numbers.
A pinto abalone displays its oval shell. The multicolored shells, with patterns that vary, protect the abalones from predators. Pinto abalone populations have declined throughout the species range, which extends from Baja California to Southeast Alaska.
“There are folks in Hydaburg who don’t harvest abalone anymore because they don’t see enough at their sites and are sort of self-managing,” she said. Some say they haven’t harvested in so long that they’re forgotten how to process the meat, she said. Additionally, “There’s a whole generation of kids who can recognize abalone shells in regalia and things like that but have no idea where the animal lives or what it looks like when it’s alive.
People are not the only abalone eaters. Sea otters have also gotten some of the blame for abalone declines. However, sea otters have an important place in the ecosystem, too, in eating creatures like sea urchins that could otherwise mow down kelp forests. Possible responses include mariculture — either farming pinto abalones all the way to adulthood or a more limited project that would help restore wild populations, Bolwerk said.
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