Numerous measurement stations around the world provide us with data about air quality, allowing us to enhance it. Although we are increasingly collecting data from marine areas, access to such data is considerably more challenging.
Signals are poorly transmitted through water, differences in both pressure and currents hinder measurement devices and there is an absence of pre-constructed computing infrastructure. Could intelligent technologies help us improve marine data collection?
The researchers strive to make more efficient and expansive the data collection methods now used in, for example, environmental research. "We analysed how AI assistance affected the quality of data and human observations. AI improved the accuracy of animal observations by amateurs, but had no effect on expert observations. On the other hand, when the data collected were used for training purposes, the best results were achieved by combining AI classifications with expert observations. Thus, interactions between humans and AI can influence each other and they need to be better understood," Nurmi explains.
Nurmi emphasises that his and his colleagues' aim is to create new ways of collecting data. Experts in other fields can then come up with the best uses for the new methods. For instance, once the type of plastic is known, it is easier to find out its source and consider ways of preventing pollution. The data also help researchers understand the effects on ecosystems of different types of plastic, as they contain different chemicals and break down in different ways.
"Despite their vital importance for humanity, marine protection and regulation unfortunately tend to be drowned out by other issues. The higher the quantity and quality of marine data collected, the better we are able to develop solutions and regulations improving the status of the marine environment."
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