Is helium-3 something we could use?
, a rare helium isotope, helium-3, is leaking out of the Earth's core, thereby adding more evidence to debates surrounding the Earth's origins.
Helium-3 has only one neutron in its nucleus as opposed to the two that are found in the isotope that is usually found on Earth. The isotope is so rare that it makes up for only 0.0001 percent of all the helium present on the Earth. The origin of helium-3 can be dated back to about 13.8 billion years agoHow much helium-3 is in the Earth's core?
Helium-3 has been detected on the Earth's surface before. However, geologists were not sure whether the source of this rare, primordial gas was the Earth's core or its middle layers, called the mantle. The recently published study showed that about 4.4 pounds of helium-3 is released every year from the Earth's core.
Using the estimates, the researchers modeled that there are between 10 teragrams to a petagram of helium-3 in the core. The location of helium-3 is crucial since it provides clues about the planet's origins. As a planet grows, it accumulates material from its surroundings, and for the Earth's core to have accumulated helium-3, the planet itself would need to have been formed inside a thriving solar nebula and not its fringes, the study revealed.
The researchers are hopeful that further research on other gases that might be escaping the Earth's core from similar spots and at similar rates as helium-3 will add more evidence to their modeling. Volatiles from the solar nebula are known to be present in Earth's deep mantle. The core also may contain solar nebula-derived volatiles, but in unknown amounts.
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